組織の信憑性(organizational credibility)
- 会社や団体といった組織(organization)着目した情報ソースの信憑性に関する研究も行われてきた.
- 組織を情報ソースとする信憑性研究では,顧客の態度や行動に影響を与える要因解明が行われてきた(Gass & Seiter 1999).
- 広告やマーケティング分野の文脈では,企業の信憑性(corporate credibility),団体の信憑性(institutional credibility),広告主の信憑性(advertiser credibility),小売業者の信憑性(retailer credibility)が研究されてきた.
- 企業信憑性 = 「顧客や投資家が企業の信頼性や専門性をどの程度信用するかの度合い」(Goldsmith, Lafferty and Newell 2000)
- 組織の信憑性の背景には,メッセージというものは個人ではなく,むしろ長年の経験や情報を持つ複雑な組織構造から発信されるものである,という考え方がある.
組織の信憑性に関する研究項目
- 組織の信憑性に関する分野では,「組織の信憑性が顧客の態度や行動に与える影響」「組織の信憑性の要素」について研究が行われてきた.
- 組織の信憑性は,顧客のブランドに対する考え方や購入意思に大きな影響を与える(Lafferty & Goldsmith 1999).
- 組織の信憑性(source credibility as organization)に関する要素(Bobinski, Cox 1996, Hammond 1987, MacKenzie & Lutz 1989, O’Reilly & Roverts 1976)
- 個人の信憑性(source credibility as person)と共通する要素: 信頼性(trustworthiness),専門性(expertise),魅力(attractiveness)(Haley 1996, Ohanian 1990, 1991).
- 組織の信憑性に特有の要素:威厳(prestige),競争力(competitiveness),親しみ (familiarity)(Vanden Bergh, Soley & Reid 1981)
- 「親しみ」は顧客が組織から得る価値と組織が顧客に保証してくれるであろう価値とのバランスをよく表す指標である(Haley 1996).
参考文献
- Bobinski, G.S., Jr.,Cox,D., & Cox, A: Retail “sale” advertising, perceived retailer credibility and price rationale. Journal of Retailing, 72, 291-306 (1996).
- Gass, R.H., & Seller, J.S.: Persuasion, social influence, and compliance gaining. Boston, MA: Allyn & Bacon (1999).
- Goldsmith, R.E., Lafferty, B.A., & Newel, S.J.:. The impact of corporate credibility and celebrily credibility on consumer reaction to advertisements and brands. Journal of Advertising. 29,43-54 (2000).
- Haley, E.: Exploring the construct of organization as source: Consumers’ understanding of organizational sponsorship of advocacy advertising. Journal of Advertising, 26, 19-35 (1996).
- Hammond, S.: Health advertising: The credibility of organizational sources. In M. L. McLaughlin (Ed.), Communication yearbook 10, 613-628. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
- Lafferty, B.A., & Goldsmith. R.E.: Corporale credibility role in consumers’ attitudes and purchase intentions when a high versus low credibility endorser is used in the ad. Journal of Business Research, 44, 109-116 (1999).
- MacKenzie, S.B., & Luiz. R.J.: An empirical examination of the structural anteccedents of attitude toward the ad in an advertising pretesting context. Journal of Marketing, 53,48-65 (1989).
- Ohanian, R.: Construction and validation of a scale to measure celebrity endorsers’ perceived expertise, trustworthiness, and attractiveness. Journal of Advertising, 19-39-52 (1990).
- Ohanian, R.: The impact of celevrity spokespersons’ perceived image on consumers’ intention to purchase. Journal of Advertising Reserch, 31, 46-54 (1991).
- O’Reilly, C.A. III, & Roberts, K.H.: Relationships among components of credibility and communication behaviors in work units. Journal of Applied Psychology, 61, 99-102 (1976).
- Vanden Bergh, B.G., Soley. L.C. & Reid, L.N.: Factor study of dimensions of advertiser credibility. Journalism Quarterly, 58, 629-632 (1981).
出典
Credibility in the 21st century: Integrating perspectives on source, message, and media credibility in the contemporary media
Authors: A. Flanagin, M.J. Metzger, K. Eyal, D.R. Lemus
Communication Yearbook 27 (2003)
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